Investigation, Women, CHILDREN 

Violence against women and children is considered not just a mere private
matter, but it is also a social and public health issue, it concerns public safety, and a
human rights violation. The rampant abuses on the rights, dignity and person of women
and children who became victims of gender based violence requires a dynamic, multi-
disciplinary approach and multi-sectoral cooperation among the five (5) pillars of the
Criminal Justice System (community, law enforcement, prosecution, courts, corrections)
and other stakeholders. While there are existing laws, ordinances, procedures and
protocol which protect women and children, yet, the incidence of cases involving women
and children continually increase. As of July 1, 2013, record showed that the PNP
Women and Children Protection Center, already received 10,778 VAWW cases within a
6-month period from January to June 2013. But on the comparative statistics from the
2006 to 2012 showed that the year 2012, had the highest incidents of VAW as
compared to the previous years. Relatedly, across a seven-year period from
2006–2012. The PNP-PWC was able to record a significant statistical comparison on
the rising incidents of VAWC.
Also, this study looks into the significant roles of the Women and Children
Protection Desk (WCPD) of the Philippine National Police (PNP), in the investigation
and handling of cases involving crimes against chastity, rape, harassment, violence,
abuses and other offenses committed against women and children.
Importantly, this study was undertaken to assess the relevance of the existing
salient provisions related to the investigation procedures on cases involving Women
and Children under the Criminal Investigation Manual Revised 2011, which focused on
Chapter III (Crimes Punishable Under the Revised Penal Code), Section 3.11 (Crimes
against chastity), subsection 10 (Investigation on Cases Involving Women and
Children), Paragraphs A, B and C (Investigation on Cases of Violence against Women
and their Children’ (VAWC) (RA 9262), Investigation on Cases under “The Anti-Rape
Law” (RA 8353), Investigation of Cases under “The Anti-Child Abuse Law” (Ra 7610)),
respectively. Likewise, it evaluated the proposed changes which were recommended
vis-à-vis the existing salient provisions in the investigative procedures on the
abovementioned cases involving women and children, and consequently, the proposed
manual revisions that can be deduced from the findings of the study. Furthermore, it
determined whether there are significant differences in the assessments of the three (3)
groups of respondents on the relevance of the existing salient provisions as well the

proposed changes that can be recommended in the investigation procedures on cases
involving women and children to make it more relevant, systematic, legally-bound and
practically acceptable on multi-sectoral and multi-disciplinary perspectives. In other
words, this study aimed to specifically recommend for the subsequent revision or
amendment of said particular provisions through appropriate changes, rewording,
revision or amendment based on the outcome of the results of this study.
Also, the researcher discussed the significance of the study among the Philippine
National Police, Directorate for Investigation and Detective Management, Women and
Children Protection Desk of Mandaluyong City Police Station, National Police College,
local and national policy makers in the government, clients (victims-survivors) and
residents of Mandaluyong City, researcher herself, and the future researchers. This
extensive study began with office/agency coordination, data gathering, library and e-
research works, the challenging survey proper, and retrieval process of accomplished
survey-questionnaires (in the 27 barangays of Mandaluyong City, the different Police
Community Precincts of Mandaluyong City, CSWDO and clients), conduct of interviews,
focus group discussion, tabulation of survey questionnaires, statistical analysis,
presentation and interpretation conducted within a span of five (5) months.
This study was based on the assessments of the two hundred five (205)
respondents composed of three groups: one hundred sixty-two (162) police personnel,
thirty one (31) LGU officials and twelve (12) victims-survivors respondents. The
descriptive method of research was utilized in the conduct of this study. The survey
instrument and structured interview guide were used in gathering the required data.
Percentage distribution, weighted mean and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were the
statistical tools used. The survey list was also the basis for drawing key informants for
interviews and participants for focus group discussions (FGDs) which were conducted
to contextualize the responses of respondents to the questionnaire, as well as get their
insights on the interventions provided by the PNP Women and Children Protection
Center, Women and Children Protection Desks of the Criminal Investigation and
Detection Group and Mandaluyong City Police Station, City Social Welfare and
Development Office and the Barangay Women and Children Protections Desks, in
administering and handling cases of Violence against Women and Children. The
findings of the key informant interviews and FGDs were incorporated in the study. The
locale of the study was conducted in the city of Mandaluyong.
This study was anchored on two theories as the guiding theoretical frameworks.
First, on the Systems Theory which states that all components of an organization are
interrelated, and that changing one variable might impact many others. It was also
anchored on the Ecological Model to help understand the multifaceted nature of
violence against women.
In summary, in order to meet the growing thrust to revise and improve the
Criminal Investigation and Detection Group Manual Revised (2011) of the Philippine
National Police, it should be anchored on the capability enhancement program of the
organization, in adherence to the PNP-Integrated Transformation Program-Performance
Governance System (ITP-PGS). The revision of the existing criminal investigation
manual requires multi-agency coordination and collaborative undertaking to make it
more responsive and relevant to the current trends in the aspects of criminal

investigation. This will redound to a strengthened police investigative procedures with
the ultimate goal of ensuring quality police service to its clients.